Respiratory infection

Respiratory infection

Respiratory tract infection (RTI) refers to any of the infectious diseases associated with the respiratory tract. This type of infection is usually classified as upper respiratory tract infection (URI or URTI) or a low respiratory tract infection (LRI or LRTI). Low respiratory infections, such as pneumonia, have a much more serious condition than upper respiratory infections, such as a common cold.

Although there is some disagreement on the exact border between the upper and lower respiratory tracts, the upper respiratory tract is generally considered to be the airway on glottis or vocal cords. It includes nose, sinus, pharynx, and larynx.

Upper respiratory tract infection
Specialized infections of the upper respiratory tract include tonsilitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis, sinusitis, otitis media, some types of influenza and general cold. URI symptoms include cough, sore throat, runny nose, nasal congestion, headache, low fever, facial pressure, and sneezing.

Lower respiratory tract infection
In the lower respiratory tract, there are windpipe (windpipe), bronchial tube, bronchioles, and lungs. Lower respiratory tract infections are usually more serious than upper respiratory infections. LRI is the leading cause of death in all infectious diseases. The two common and widely spread LRIs are bronchitis and pneumonia. Influenza affects both the upper and lower respiratory tracts, but more dangerous strains such as the highly dangerous H5N1 bind to deep receptors in the lungs.

The systematic review of 2014 of clinical trials does not support the use of regular viral testing on a regular basis to reduce antibiotic use for children in emergency departments.

It is not clear whether rapid viral testing in the emergency department for children with acute lung respiratory infection reduces rates of antibiotic use, blood tests or urine test. There is a decrease in the risk of chest x-ray use in children who are examined with rapid viral testing. 77% in comparison with the control. In 2013 the researchers developed a breath tester that could immediately diagnose lung infection.

In spite of all superior filtration capacity of Facepiece Respirators measured in vitro, inadequate clinical evidence has been published to determine whether normal surgical masks and N95 filtering to prevent respiratory infections in respiratory healthcare workers. Respect is equal.